X20 Series Gantry Milling Machine

Introduction to Machine Tool Performance

1. This machine tool is developed by our company using state-of-the-art design and manufacturing technologies, employing CAD‑based optimization, adhering to current national precision standards, and incorporating advanced domestic and international functional components. It delivers robust cutting performance, exceptional dynamic and static rigidity, reliable operational safety, extended service life, and high machining efficiency—making it a cutting-edge mechatronic product.

This machine tool can be equipped with a vertical milling head and a side milling head (optional based on customer requirements), enabling machining operations for both flat and side surfaces. It is suitable for high-speed steel and carbide disc mills, bar mills, and other cutting tools, and can process workpieces made of various ferrous metals, nonferrous metals, and certain nonmetallic materials. It is capable of performing milling operations on a wide range of components, including flat surfaces, inclined planes, grooves, racks, and more, offering advantages such as an extensive machining scope, low cost, and high efficiency.

2. The machine tool’s major electrical components are sourced from brands such as Schneider and Chint.

3. The machine tool’s basic components are manufactured, heat‑treated, and assembled in‑house (with the exception of castings, lead screws, and gears, which are custom‑made by specialized manufacturers). The castings are made from high‑quality cast iron and undergo both thermal aging and vibration aging—two successive aging processes—to thoroughly eliminate internal stresses. The bed guideways, crossbeam guideways, and column guideways are all subjected to ultra‑high‑frequency quenching, achieving a surface hardness of HRC 48–51.

The mating surfaces between the column and the machine bed, as well as those between the crossbeam and the column, are all finished by grinding or meticulous manual scraping to ensure precise sliding fit. Similarly, the slide ways of the crossbeam, the column, and the worktable are all machined to exacting tolerances.

The internal gears of the milling head housing are manufactured by a specialized gear producer—the Gear Division of Shenyang Machine Tool Factory—using 20CrMnTi alloy steel. Following carburizing treatment, the hardness can reach HRC 52–60. All gears are ground, featuring high surface accuracy, excellent wear resistance and impact resistance, and low noise levels, thereby meeting the demands of prolonged, reciprocating machining operations as well as the precision finishing and heavy‑cutting requirements of workpieces made from various materials.

Main Structural Features

1. This machine tool features a gantry-type thermally symmetric structure, comprising a bed, left and right columns, and a gantry top.

2. The crossbeam moves vertically along the guide rails of the left and right uprights via a transmission mechanism.

3. The beam features automatic hydraulic locking, with interlocking between beam lifting and locking for safe and reliable operation.

4. The crossbeam is equipped with a vertical milling head and a feed mechanism. The lateral movement of the vertical milling head is driven by a ball screw and a servo motor, enabling stepless speed regulation, and the crossbeam features centralized electric lubrication.

5. Each of the left and right column slides can be equipped with a horizontal milling head, enabling vertical up-and-down movement along the columns for side‑face milling operations (customizable to customer requirements).

6. The worktable’s reciprocating motion along the bed’s guideways is driven by a ball screw and a servo motor, enabling stepless speed regulation (customizable to customer requirements).

7. The milling head employs gear transmission, and the broach utilizes a pull‑rod mechanism; tool tension is adjusted manually via a locking nut, ensuring simple and convenient operation.

8. The machine tool’s bed guideways are lubricated by an independent pump station system.

9. The machine tool is equipped with an electrical cabinet and a suspended push-button station, with machine operation performed at the suspended push-button station.

Performance of Each Component of the Machine Tool

1. Gantry Section

(1) This machine tool features a high-rigidity gantry frame composed of a bed, left and right columns, and connecting beams. The worktable moves longitudinally back and forth along the bed’s guideways within the gantry frame, while the traversing beam can be adjusted vertically along the left and right columns to accommodate workpiece heights, making it particularly well-suited for machining operations. Each of the left and right columns is equipped with a horizontal milling head, and the traversing beam is fitted with a vertical milling head.

(2) The machine tool’s worktable and each milling head are driven independently by AC servo motors, and the worktable features a simple automatic cyclic motion.

(3) Major components such as the column, bed, spindle headstock, crossbeam, and worktable all adopt box‑type or near‑box‑type structures, equipped with ample reinforcing ribs. They are cast using resin‑bonded sand molding and high‑strength casting materials, ensuring that the entire machine possesses sufficient strength and rigidity.

2. Bed Frame Section

The bed features a frame‑type structure, with multiple longitudinal and transverse stiffening ribs inside, ensuring sufficient rigidity. The casting undergoes two stress‑relief treatments—annealing and vibration aging—resulting in excellent rigidity and dimensional accuracy, thereby preventing deformation during prolonged operation and meeting the equipment’s performance requirements.

3. Workbench Section

(1) The worktable is a rectangular cast‑iron component made from high‑quality material, with T‑slots on its surface for securing workpieces or fixtures. The weight of the workpiece placed on the table should not be overly concentrated. The worktable is mounted on the machine bed and driven by a lead screw connected to an electric motor and a reducer, enabling reciprocating motion. It is powered by an AC variable-speed drive system, which facilitates frequent direction changes and stepless speed regulation.

(2) A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) guide strip is bonded to the machine table guideways. With a coefficient of friction only one-third that of cast‑iron guideways, the service life of the guideways is increased tenfold compared with the original design, while ensuring smooth low‑speed milling feed.

(3) The bed guideways and the table guideways employ open‑type lubrication, featuring an independent pump station (with a 0.25 kW oil pump motor) that provides forced oil supply. This ensures uniform oil‑film thickness on the guideways, thereby enhancing machining accuracy.

4. Columns and Connecting Beams

(1) The gantry consists of left and right columns and a connecting beam. The connecting beam rigidly joins the upper ends of the two columns, and an adjustment shim is provided between the connecting beam and the right column to fine‑tune the gantry’s dimensional accuracy. The inner lower portions of the left and right columns are attached to the machine bed, forming a highly rigid, closed frame structure. The columns serve as the structural backbone of the gantry milling machine; they adopt a box‑type design and are cast from high‑quality materials. They must feature large cross‑sections, excellent rigidity, and strong load‑carrying capacity to meet the demands of heavy cutting and precision machining. Both the columns and the connecting beam are manufactured from premium castings.

(2) The lower ends of the left and right columns are equipped with horizontal milling head feed mechanisms. A side-feed reduction gearbox is connected to a leadscrew pair that drives the slide block to move vertically along the columns, with drive controlled by a variable-frequency drive, enabling stepless adjustment of the feed rate.

5. Beam Section

(1) The beam lifting mechanism employs a dual-shaft‑extended motor driving two worm‑gear reducers; the worm‑gear reducers, in turn, rotate the beam‑lifting lead screw, which in turn drives the beam to move vertically along the guide rails of the two upright columns.

(2) The crossbeam is a monolithic casting made of high-quality HT300 material, and the vertical milling head moves along the crossbeam’s guideways. The guideway surfaces have undergone ultra‑high‑frequency quenching treatment.

Machine tools can be optionally equipped with digital readouts, facilitating precise readings and minimizing measurement errors. These digital displays present results directly on an LCD screen, eliminating the estimation uncertainties inherent in traditional graduated scales. For example, a digital spirit level offers high‑precision 0.1° resolution and a white backlight, ensuring clearer, more accurate readings—particularly advantageous in low‑light conditions. It doubles the original resolution and incorporates a built-in temperature‑compensation algorithm to maintain measurement stability across varying environmental conditions.

Mobile Measurement and One-Click Functionality: The digital display ruler supports on-site mobile measurement, allowing operators to carry the device and directly inspect large or irregularly shaped parts. It also features a one-click zeroing function that quickly resets the reference plane, simplifying the relative measurement process.

List of Major Purchased Components

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